人工智能

• 豆瓣DB

  2023-08-10
  封面描绘了加里·卡斯帕罗夫（Garry Kasparov）与IBM的“深蓝”（Deep Blue）计算机在1997年国际象棋对抗赛中第六盘决胜局的最终局面。在这场比赛中，“深蓝”击败了卡斯帕罗夫（执黑棋），这是计算机首次在国际象棋比赛中战胜人类世界冠军。卡斯帕罗夫位于封面顶部，他的右边是前世界冠军李世石和DeepMind的AlphaGo进行历史性围棋比赛的第二局的关键局面。AlphaGo的第37手违背了几个世纪以来的围棋正统观念，人类专家认为这是一个令人尴尬的错误，但结果证明这一走法是正确的。封面上，左上角是由波士顿动力公司制造的Atlas人形机器人，埃达·洛芙莱斯（Ada Lovelace，世界上第一位计算机程序员）和艾伦·图灵（Alan Turing，他的基础工作定义了人工智能）之间的是自动驾驶汽车感知环境的画面，棋盘底部是火星探测漫游者机器人和逻辑学研究先驱亚里士多德的雕像，英文书名背后是亚里士多德的《论动物的运动》（De Motu Animalium）中的规划算法，棋盘面上的文字是联合国全面禁止核试验条约组织（UN Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization）使用的用于从地震信号中检测核爆炸的概率编程模型。
• Chipmunk

  2020-06-04
  Why couldn’t all the work done in AI have taken place under the name of control theory or operations research or decision theory, which, after all, have objectives similar to those of AI? Or why isn’t AI a branch of mathematics? The first answer is that AI from the start embraced the idea of duplicating human faculties such as creativity, self-improvement, and language use. None of the other fields were addressing these issues. The second answer is methodology. AI is the only one of these fields that is clearly a branch of computer science (although operations research doesshare an emphasis on computer simulations), and AI is the only field to attempt to build machines that will function autonomously in complex, changing environments.
• 葡萄

  2018-11-26
  Implication is true whenever its premise is false -- regardless of the truth of the conclusion.
• 葡萄

  2018-11-25
  A program is a procedure whose details are derived by programmer from his/her own knowledge of domain.
• nmacro

  2017-11-09
  1.3 Are relex actions(such as flinching from a hot stove) rational? Are they Intelligent?
• 孔明

  2012-03-15
  最小冲突对许多CSP都令人吃惊的有效，尤其是在给出了合理的初始状态的情况下。
• [已注销]

  2011-10-24
  •Before an agent can start searching for solutions, a goal must be identified and a well-defined problem must be formulated.•A problem consists of five parts: the initial state, a set of actions, a transition model describing the results of those actions, a goal test function, and a path cost function. The environment of the problem is represented by a state space. A path through thestate space from the initial state to a goal state is a solution.•Search algorithms treat states and actions as atomic: they do not consider any internal structure they might possess.•Uninformed search methods have access only to the problem definition. The basic algorithms are as follows:—Breadth-first search expands the shallowest nodes first; it is complete, optimal for unit step costs. but has exponen...
• [已注销]

  2011-10-13
  Aristotle (384-322 B.C.), whose bust appears on the front cover of this book, was the first to formulate a precise set of laws governing the rational part of the mind. He developed an informal system of syllogisms for proper reasoning, which in principle allowed one to generate conclusions mechanically, given initial premises.
• [已注销]

  2011-10-13
  The Turing Test, proposed by Alan Turing (1950), was designed to provide a satisfactory operational definition of intelligence. A computer passes the test if a human interrogator, after posing some written questions, cannot tell whether the written responses come from a person or from a computer.
• [已注销]

  2011-10-13
  AI currently encompasses a huge variety of subfields, ranging from the general (learning and perception) to the specific, such as playing chess, proving mathematical theorems, writing poetry, driving a car on a crowded street, and diagnosing diseases. AI is relevant to any intellectual task; it is truly a universal field.
• 异步图书

  2022-12-26
  斯图尔特•罗素教授和彼得•诺维格博士的《人工智能：现代方法》一书，是美国最为经典、最具权威性的大学教科书。说它经典，是因为这本书长期以来都是美国大部分知名大学人工智能课程的教科书，今天也已经被全世界1500多所大学采用为教材，其内容覆盖了到每一版出版时为止世界人工智能的主流技术和方法。说它权威，是因为这本书是几乎所有人工智能从业者的参考书，但凡人们对某些人工智能的概念发生争议时，就会以这本书的讲述为准。2002年，我有幸成为诺维格博士的下属，先后在谷歌公司的搜索部门以及研究部门从事与机器学习相关的工作。诺维格博士是作为人工智能专家和科技管理者，被谷歌公司请来负责研发工作的。在我和他共事的十多年里，我们在研究工作中和私底下有很多交流。诺维格博士是一个卓有远见的管理者，也是一名基础极为扎实的技术专家。他并没有因为繁忙的管理工作而放松对新技术的学习和研究。罗素教授是诺维格博士的同事和朋友，他一直活跃在人工智能学术研究的第一线，并曾经担任加利福尼亚大学伯克利分校计算机系主任。罗素教授的研究横跨人工智能的很多领域,包括机器学习、统计模型、知识表示、实时决策、计算机视觉，以及近年来比较热门的强化学习。可以讲，这两位作者是近20年来世界人工智能领域最权威的学者，他们每过一段时间都会更新这本已经非常畅销的教科书，将最新的研究成果和理论方法增补进去。而我有幸见证了他们每一次版本升级的过程。《人工智能：现代方法》的第1版出版于1995年，当时虽然已经有了基于数据的方法，但是从20世纪60年代到20世纪80年代,传统的人工智能方法依然在学术界占主导地位。因此本书第1版的主要内容只包含了这次出版的第4版的第二部分和第三部分，即智能问题的求解和有关知识表示与推理的部分。20世纪90年代其实是人工智能发展的转折点，传统的基于规则和推理的人工智能发展走到了今天，数据驱动的...