写作这门手艺
最新书摘:
-
戴西2021-01-13我用词典的过程中,翻查熟悉单词的时间,远多于翻査从未听过的单词的时间,至少是九十九比一。
-
明亮的黄2020-04-10“亲爱的珍妮:写一篇文章,往往需要三四次的反复,绝非一次便能完成。对我来说,开头部分,也就是把什么东西——任何东西都行——摆到自己面前,这个过程往往最为艰难。有时候,我甚至感到十分窝火,只管把单词抛出来再说,就像把烂泥扔到墙上那样。写第一稿就是要脱口而出、想到什么说什么、胡言乱语,全都可以说,随便怎么说。做到这一点,你才算找到了某种核心。接下来,在加工和改进的过程中,你笔下的句子开始成形,变得更为悦耳也更为顺眼。再编辑一遍——从头至尾。到了这个时候,你所看见的东西,很可能才是你急于让他人看见的。而这一切都要用时间去堆砌。我一直没说的,是缝缝补补的时间。脱口而出的第一阶段完成之后,你先把这件事情放一放。你坐进车里,开车回家。一路上,你的思绪仍然在编织着单词。对某个东西,你想到一个更好的说法,某个地方要换成一个不错的短语。要是初稿都还没写,也就是说,还不存在一个可供修改的稿子,很显然,你就不会想到还有什么东西需要有所改进。简而言之,你可能每天实际上只写了两三个小时,但你的大脑总以这样或者那样的方式,一天二十四小时都在思考着文章——是的,哪怕在你睡着的时候——但唯一条件是,某种形式的初稿已经存在。只有到了这样的初稿已经存在时,写作才算真正开始。”一般意义上的作者和舞台即席创作者(或者任何类型的表演艺术家)的区别是,写出来的作品可以修改。实际上,这个过程的核心正是修改。
-
明亮的黄2020-04-10第一稿往往写得很慢,推进过程东摇西摆,因为每个句子不仅影响前面已经写出的句子,也会影响后面即将写出的句子。我那本关于加利福尼亚地质学的书,一稿花了两年的沉闷时光;二稿、三稿和四稿一共花了六个月时间。一稿跟其他三稿的总和相比,写作时间的比例是四比一;无论文章的长度如何,我一直坚持这样的比例,哪怕第一稿只需要几天或者几个星期的时间。每个阶段的心理感受各不相同,而第一阶段就是陷坑与摇摆不定。这个阶段之后,仿佛另一个人接过了手。恐惧已经消失殆尽。各种问题不再那么具有威胁性,反而变得有趣起来。经验变得愈加有用,专业人士仿佛取代了业余者。日子迅速流逝,不过我得承认,算得上愉快的天数并不是很多。
-
明亮的黄2020-04-10诺曼·麦克林说《大河恋》一书是虚构作品,而“虚构”二字也出现在该书之首。从各个方面来说,《大河恋》所记述的都是自传性事实,但有一处是个例外。出于隐私原因,作者将自己弟弟遭到谋害的地点做了改变;正因为他是诺曼·麦克林,所以他认为这一处以及其他改变足以算是编造,从而使文本没有资格叫作非虚构。
-
明亮的黄2020-04-10在采访关系中的所有维度中,我认为时间最重要。天天采写消息的新闻记者必须走出去,找到故事,而且当天写出稿子,这样的本领会压得我喘不过气。想到我为了完成项目而花费的时间——在纽约市的绿色市场待上四个月,跟一款飞行游戏的管理员相处三个星期,跟内华达州一个品牌监察员相处两个星期,三年之中每次都拿出数个月时间前往阿拉斯加州考察——我就感到极为窘迫。对于提问,我没有什么手段。我只是待在一旁,看着别人做事情,隐身不露。
-
不过如北2018-10-10If there is a box around "sensitive" because it seems pretentious in the context, try "susceptible". Why "susceptible"? Because you looked up "sensitive" in the dictionary and it said "highly susceptible." With dictionaries, I spend a great deal more time looking up words I know than words I have never heard of - at least ninety-nine to one. The dictionary definitions of words you are trying to replace are far more likely to help you out than a scattershot wad from a thesaurus.
-
不过如北2018-10-10The difference between a common writer and an improviser on a stage (or any performing artist) is that writing can be revised. Actually, the essence of the process is revision. The adulating portrait of the perfect writer who never blots a line comes Express Mail from fairyland.
-
不过如北2018-10-07And I hope this structure illustrates what I take to be a basic criterion for all structures: they should not be imposed upon the material. They should arise from within it. That perfect circle was a help to me, but it could be a liability for anyone trying to impose such a thing on just any set of facts.
-
毛姆闷闷舅舅2017-11-13Dear Jenny: The way to do a piece of writing is three or four times over, never once. For me, the hardest part comes first, getting something—anything—out in front of me. Sometimes in a nervous frenzy I just fling words as if I were flinging mud at a wall. Blurt out, heave out, babble out something—anything—as a first draft. With that, you have achieved a sort of nucleus. Then, as you work it over and alter it, you begin to shape sentences that score higher with the ear and eye. Edit it again—top to bottom. The chances are that about now you’ll be seeing something that you are sort of eager for others to see. And all that takes time. What I have left out is the interstitial time. You finish that first awful blurting, and then you put the thing aside. You get in your car and drive home. On ...