道德形而上学（注释本）

• .

  2017-05-08
  Brutish excess in the use of food and drink is misuse of the means of nourishment which restricts or exhausts our capacity to use tem intelligently. Drunkenness and gluttony are the vices that come under this heading. A man who is drunk is like a mere animal, not to be treated as a human being. When suffered with food he is in a condition in which he is incapacitated, for a time, for actions that would require him to use his powers with skills and deliberation. It is obvious that putting oneself in such a state violates a duty to oneself. The first of these debasements, below even the nature of an animal, is usually brough about by fermented drinks, but it can also result from other narcotics, such as opium and other vegetable products. ...Glutton is even lower than animal enjoyment of the...
• 装睡的人

  2016-11-03
  Punishment by a court... can never be inflicted merely as a means to promote some other good for the criminal himself or for civil society. It must always be inflicted upon him only because he has committed a crime. For a human being can never be treated merely as a means to the purposes of another or be put among the objects of rights to things: his innate personality protects him from this, even though he can be condemned to lose his civil personality.
• [已注销]

  2014-09-19
  Is it not this, namely pride, that causes so much ingratitude?