风格
最新书摘：
-
紫琦2023-06-10The bad examples "feel" passive,but that feeling does not arise from passive verbs but rather from abstract nouns and missing characters.
-
紫琦2023-06-10So the first sentence violates not only our first principle:name characters in subjects;express crucial actions in verbs...…The real difference between those sen-tences, then, lies not in their numbers of syllables or words, but in where the writer placed the characters and expressed.
-
一只桉树2021-12-18“ Politics and the English Language”中,乔治・奥威尔分析了政治、官僚、学术和其他领域中的浮夸语言:[矫揉造作风格的]关键在于,它一般不用单动词。它往往采用名词或者形容词附着在一般动词上面,组成一个词组,比如 prove(证明)、 serve(服务、担当)、form(形成)、play(承担、担当)、 render(回报、产生)而不用请如 break(打破)、stop(停止)、 spoil(纵容)、mend(修理)、i(害)等简单动词。此外,只要能用被动语态主动语态就得退避三舍,名词结构也比动名词更受青(比如,常用 by examination of,而不用 by examining)
-
一只桉树2021-12-18We should discourage those who promote turgid language A well-bred person speaks simply, in a way that is neither vulgar nor exaggerated. No one can claim to be a man or woman of the world who deliberately exaggerates sentiments or speaks in ways that are turgid or pedantic.
-
[已注销]2013-11-26To write a document that readers will think is coherent, open every section, subsection, and the whole with a short, easily grasped introductory segment. Put at the end of that opening segment a sentence that states both the point of the unit and the key concepts that follow. Point sentences constitute the outline of your document, its logical structure. If readers miss them, they may judge your writing to be incoherent.
-
[已注销]2013-11-26Keep in mind this principle: put the point sentence at the *end* of the short opening segment; make it the *last* sentence that your reader reads before starting the longer, more complex segment that follows.
-
[已注销]2013-11-26Readers have to see the condition and cost *together* before they see the whole problem.
-
[已注销]2013-11-26Shared Context --- Problem --- Solution.
-
[已注销]2013-11-24How you begin a sentence determines its clarity; how you end it determines its rhythm and grace.
-
小朋友2013-04-16Keep in mind this principle: put the point sentence at the end of the end of the short opening segment; make it the last sentence that your reader reads before starting the longer, more complex segment that follows.●In a very short passage, the introductory segment might be just a single sentence, so by default, it will be the last sentence readers reads before they reads what follows. If the passage has a two-sentence introduction (as did (1b)), be sure the point of the paragraph is the second sentence, still making it the last thing readers read before they read the rest.●For longer section,your iintroduction might be a paragraph or more. For a whole document, you might need several paragraphs. Even in those cases, put your point sentence at the end of that introductory segment, no m...
-
小朋友2013-04-163.At the end of that introductory segment, readers look for a sentence that states the point of the section, a statement that you expand on in the rest of that unit. When readers see that point sentence at the end of a short, easily grasped opening segment, thay read and understand what follows more easily.
-
假如讓我說下去2021-04-18该句表达的思想如此微妙而且复杂，是只能这样写？还是说它只是学术上的胡言乱语？考虑到大多数人弄懂这种细微差别所需的时间，至少对于水平一般的读者来说，如何去判断事实是属于上述哪种情况呢？作者应给读者奉献简洁而精妙的文章，却不该认为读者必须花费大量的时间去理解。如果作者非要坚持用一种令读者痛著的方式写作，那我就无话可说了，毕竟写作是一个自由的领域。在思想的市场里，真理居于价值之本，但不是唯一的。另一个则是寻找真理的代价。在最后的分析中，我只能说，如果作者因为其观点新颖就声称他们的文章必须写得晦涩，那么就实际情况而言，他们多数情况下是错的。语言哲学家路德维希维特根斯坦曾说：只要是能思考的，都可以思考得很清楚；只要是能的，都可以写得很清晰。 (Whatever can be thought can be thought clearly； whatever can be written can be written clearly。 ）
-
假如讓我說下去2021-04-18一个棘手的伦理问题是我们如何回应那些明知道写得艰涩却又声称必须这样（是因为他们正在开拓一个新的知识领域）的人。他们是正确的吗，或者说他们在为自己的艰涩找借口？这是一个令人头疼的问题，不仅因为问题要一个一个地解决，而且也因为些问题根本得不到彻底地解决，至少不能令所有的人满意。
-
假如讓我說下去2021-04-17很多情况下，有抱负的专业人尽量用尽可能复杂的技术语言写作，以求加入该领域的圈子。他们在这样做的同时，采取了一种排他的写作风格，这种风格侵蚀了公民社会所依赖的信任，尤其在这样一个信息与专业知识变成了权力与控制工具的世界里。
-
假如讓我說下去2021-04-15我们一明白了如何判断一个句子是晦涩抽象的、还是清晰的，就会知道如何既能辨别他人作品的复杂程度是否超出了其应有的深度，又能这样辨别自己的作品。问题在于，我们不能像别人判断我们的作品那样判断自己的作品，因为我们想到的与他们读到的是不同的。一旦你知道了读者读完文章的感觉就可以避免这一难题。你可以自觉地尝试下述原则，这将对你的阅读有所裨益：当遇到难懂的文章时，从文中找出一些信息，从而判断困难来自材料必要的复杂性，还是作中不必要的复杂性。如果是后者，这些原则能帮助你从思想上把抽象和简洁的内容转化成易于理解的信息（当知道自己本可以表述得更清楚时会暗自欢喜）。
-
假如讓我說下去2021-04-15多少年来，学生们在晦涩难懂的著作中艰难地阅读，很多人认为自己不够聪明，因而无法领悟作者的深刻思想。一部分人这样想是对的，然而更多的人本应该将此归咎于作者不能（或不愿）清晰地表达意思。不幸的是，很多学生并没有这么做；更不幸的是，另一些人不仅习惯读这类风格的著作，而且还用其写作，反过来再折磨他们的读者。从而，缺乏可读性的写作传统延续了450年。
-
[已注销]2013-11-26Budget your time for both drafting and revision so that you spend most of it on beginnings: the introduction to the whole, then the introductions to major sections, then introductions to subsections, and long paragraphs, then the beginnings of sentences. Get beginnings straight and the rest is likely to take care of itself.